Introduction
Introduction

Functional Groups

Class Functional Group Suffix Example
Alkanes C - C -ane Ethane
Alkenes C = C -ene Ethene
Alkynes C ≡ C -yne Ethyne
Alcohols - OH -ol Ethanol
Aldehydes - CHO -al Ethanal
Amines - NH2 -amine Ethanamine
Carboxylic acids - COOH -oic acid Ethanoic acid
Esters - COOR Alkyl -(an)oate Methyl ethanoate
Ketone - C = O -one Ethanone

Functional Groups expressed with Prefixes

Class Functional Group Suffix Example
Halogenated Compounds - F fluoro- Fluromethane
- Cl chloro- Chloromethane
- Br bromo- Bromomethane
- I iodo- Iodomethane
Alkylated Compounds - R
eg CH3
alkyl
eg methyl-
Methyl propane
Amines - NH2 -amino 2-amino ethanoic acid
Alcohol - OH hydroxy- 2-hydroxy ethanoic acid